The Future is Now: New and Developing Gaming Technologies: The future of gaming: Mobile Gaming

Gaming is becoming an increasingly sensory experience. Pong, as a 2D game, was satisfying. Now gamers are expecting to play tennis in a VR on Mars.
Another big part of the future is going to be Augmented Reality and Mixed Reality. You’ll be playing a game in an actual space with minuscule glasses and not a giant Oculus while interacting with other people and holograms. There will be multiplayer games fighting a hologram in the middle of Times Square. That technology is already available, but games are now going to use it on a large scale. Games will come out of virtual reality and the console, into public spaces.
Sluice, a web-based multiplayer game made by The Molecule, a company in New York City, is a harbinger of the future.
Web-based gaming is going to be huge. People walk by a giant screen with their iPad or phone. There’s rain coming down, and there are little paddles and buckets. Anyone can log in and control a paddle. There could be over 100 people walking by and playing this game, the point being to fill up your bucket.
That a game could be an open platform in an open space, where people come with their phones, connect to the game, and play simultaneously, is fascinating. In Pokemon Go, people were connecting and playing the game in a real space.
If there’s a real dinosaur coming down Broadway, and everyone is shooting it from different places with their iPhones, that would be cool. I would play that game.

Animation: 3D Modeling

According to Dan Shefelman, 3-D game design revolves around an important process: creating dimensional assets. This includes objects and environments but also characters.

“A 3-D CG character in gaming or animation is essentially a puppet,” says Shefelman. “Inside that puppet, you’ll find what’s called a rig. The rig is attached to the 3-D mesh defining the puppet’s geometry.”

The animator’s job involves manipulating the parts of a character and creating behaviors for different movements. Shefelman also points out some conceptual parallels between three-dimensional characters and real creatures. “The best way to think of a rig is as a human or animal skeleton. It has bones with joints that fit into sockets, and they can move.”

Shefelman further describes the existence of a hierarchy governing a rig’s joints. “One joint is parented to another. If a joint at the base of a finger moves, a child of that joint, like one at the tip of the same finger, might also move. The joints can also move independently, just like what happens in nature.”

According to Shefelman, modeling on the computer feels similar to working with clay. “You start with some kind of lump,” he says. “In a tool like ZBrush, this takes the form of a sphere. In Maya or 3D Studio Max, you generally begin with a cube. From there, you begin to extrude, or pull, the shapes outward one by one. After pulling out one shape, which we call pulling points, you’ll move on to the next. A typical workflow consists of pulling the points of a polygon and adding more vertices as you build the shape. Or you can focus on pulling complex forms, like a character’s limbs. With either approach, you’ll mold the starting shape into something that becomes your model.”

Animation: Introduction to Animation

Animation for film, TV, and linear storytelling is you controlling the character, creating keyframes for the posing, and carefully planning it out.

Animation in gaming is about creating a character or an object that has certain behaviors assigned to it so that it will behave a certain way when you control it.

Animation in the gaming industry takes a cold, dead environment and breathes life into it. Animation is not just how your player moves through the world; it’s also the world interacting back with the player.

People tend to think about the obvious, walking around or dancing, but animation is so much more powerful than that.

For instance, you’ve got an ax that you’re swinging. If you go up to a tree and swing the ax and nothing happens, you’re probably going to think that you can’t knock the tree down. If, instead, the tree wiggles and shakes a little bit, you’re going to swing that ax again.

You feel like you’re engaging with the environment, and the environment starts feeling real. You’re also cluing players into the game mechanics and which actions they can take.

You swing the ax again. This time the tree shakes harder – you’re going to swing it again. You have positive reinforcement that swinging the ax does something, and you should keep doing it until the payoff.

There’s a huge team that works on all these projects within the esports industry. And at every level of gaming education and planning, they have to consider the gaming experience.

A character designer and a modeler work together to create the characters, make them look appealing, scary, or whatever the game requires.

Next, the rigger puts in a rig, a skeleton that goes inside the mesh, the skin of the character, and creates movement. Then, the character receives its texture. Textures give the feel of leather, skin, or cloth, and they create the mood, the sense of danger, or lightness, of comedy.

Animation in gaming is different from animation in television and feature films. Each step in the process must take into account the materials of the objects or characters.

For example, as online gaming education teaches, characters made of metal will move a certain way based upon the characteristics of the metal. A program (coding) will determine how a metal character will interact with its environment.

The environment must be specified as well. Is it metal, wood, or ground? Gravity is also critical; it’s the most important part of physics regarding how a character moves.

If you’re on Jupiter, you’re going to move very slowly. If you’re on Earth, you’re going to move like we’re used to seeing people move. If you’re on the moon, you’re going to move lightly.

All of these details get programmed into the game. Whether it’s an esports, 2D, or 3D game, these things give the character the performance that makes the game exciting.

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Choices in Development: Engines, Languages, and Platforms: Game Engines and Environments

Game development has become a very welcoming environment. The game engine is the hub that runs the entire game and makes your game assets work. Anybody can develop a game as there are many different types of game engines and environments available.
If you are an aspiring game developer just starting out, you may want to check out Unreal Engine. This is a popular engine that is good for starters in that it is a bit more user-friendly. Unreal Engine involves less technical aspects to it as compared to other engines.
Another popular game engine that quite a few people know about is Unity. This game engine has a platform that allows you to create game characters. You can also add physics to the game assets using Rigidbody dynamics, and you can make your characters do different things by adding some code to your program.
If you don’t want to install a hefty software application on your computer, there are a whole host of game development engines that are web-based. You would simply go onto an internet browser, type in the URL, and then start coding. Once you’ve created your app or game, you simply download your file.
MIT App Inventory is a form of Scratch, which uses a block-based programming language for you to create apps and games. You drag and drop various blocks to build the code needed to run your creation.
Flowlab is another web-based application. Using Flowlab you can create game characters, add different movements for those characters, and create a full-fledged game. You can also access this application on your phone.
If you start working for first-party studios in the gaming industry, such as PlayStation, Naughty Dog, or Rockstar, you may work with proprietary game engines that these studios have created themselves.

Choices in Development: Engines, Languages, and Platforms: Unity or Unreal?

“Some game engines are better for creating great, giant worlds,” says Genevieve Johnson. Unreal was initially known for that, whereas Unity’s metier was smaller, boutique 2D games that could render smoothly on a tablet.
“But what we’re seeing today is that Unity’s excellent for creating large, 3D games. And Unreal can create wonderful games for your phone,” continues Johnson, “It then becomes a question of, how strong are you in coding?”
One thing that Johnson particularly likes about Unreal is its visual scripter.
”I tend towards using Unity as my game engine because I find it to be programmer-friendly. Whenever I have a unique mechanism that I want to work on, I can effortlessly write the code from scratch. That may be more difficult for some people. But to me, it’s very freeing,” says Dan Shimmyo. Unity enables him to try lots of things in a flash.
Malik Forte’s advice to anybody trying to decide between Unreal and Unity is that if you’re looking for accessibility and don’t want to get too deep into learning a code language, then Unreal is the way to go. It’s a lot more accessible and easier to use.
“Unity is for more veteran developers who understand coding language and are further along with working with game engines,” he says.
So, for someone who is just getting started and wants to get an idea of how a video game engine works, according to Forte, Unreal is the way to go to get the hang of things.
“If you want to move on to something bigger like Unity, you can do that later,” says Forte.

Community & the Design Process: But Make Your Game

Community building is essential when designing your own game. Some designers are great at it. They are going to love us. And they might have loved us as humans. But the minute the game comes out, if it does not engage them, it does not matter.
Drawing a Death – When Community-Building Becomes Excessive
David Jaffe recalls a game he worked on. “Drawing a Death is the biggest failure I’ve ever worked on,” he says. “It was a total crash and burn. I loved it-super proud of it, so proud of the team. Got a couple of good reviews. But mostly, the reviewers hated it. The audience didn’t show up for it-total disaster.” However, Jaffe and his team did great with the community.
So, what went wrong? Jaffe felt they spent too much time community building on drone death. While they were community building, their open and closed betas were not doing well.
But you can put such an emphasis on community that you give it way too much value than it really deserves. Then, it is more lip service. They will say, “oh, community is everything. We listen all the time. We’re here to serve you.” But that is not true. As David Jaffe learned, if you focus too much time on community-building, you can lose sight of how well the game is performing.
Community is Not Just a Two-Way Street
The relationship between customer and designer works when you make what you want, the team wants, and you take appropriate feedback from the community. Pleasing the customer is crucial, but building a successful game is also important. It is not really a two-way street. To keep the relationship healthy, it is more like a 1 1/2 way street.

Community & the Design Process: Case Study in Community-Based Design: Roblox

The way Roblox looks at building our developer and player communities comes from a place of respect built into the very foundation of what Roblox is, starting with the building tools.

For example, Roblox Studio uses LUA, one of the most friendly coding languages there is. That wasn’t an accident. As a company, it was essential to choose a coding language that was accessible for all, not just those with a gaming education.

Rule 1: Give Players Creative Freedom

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From the very beginning, we wanted players to have the option of creating giant immersive worlds to expressive themselves in. Each decision made about gaming tools focuses on these shared collaborative experiences.

We respect our community; it’s one of our pillar beliefs.

That foundational respect is considered each step of the way. Before making decisions, we ask internal questions such as, “Is this really respecting the community?”

We recognize that the company is nothing without our players and developers. It’s no different than in any other gaming company, but Roblox, in particular, leads with our need to take care of them.

Rule 2: Listen to Your Players

We realized long ago that the best people to talk to when determining what players want were the players themselves.

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Because of this, we want to give them the tools they need to create. And that’s what we do. That’s where we see our players become developers.

They create games that a traditional gaming company would probably never allow.

If you look at the top games on Roblox and would pitch them in a traditional green light fashion in the gaming industry, they probably would never happen. But Roblox doesn’t have that green light process.

Any kid can come on and create a game. It allows them to express themselves without adults getting in the way and assuming to know what kids like. Kids know what kids like.

Rule 3: Remove Roadblocks for Community Development

For developers coming into Roblox, there are tremendous opportunities for creativity and expression in a fast-to-market way. It’s possible to come up with a wacky idea and create it, no matter what your crazy idea is.

You might think, “I want to make the floor lava, but not just the floor, the sky too!” I just came up with that idea, but on Roblox, you could prototype it very fast and then share it with the Roblox community instantly.

Community & the Design Process: Social First….

Many gaming audiences today prefer the social aspect of gaming almost as much as the gameplay itself. For many gamers, the ability to socialize with their communities is the most important part of the whole experience.
“It’s a social experience first, it’s a piece of meaty game design second,” explains David Jaffe.
Games like Dota or League of Legends resonate more as “gamer’s games” but this hardcore focus on gameplay can turn a lot of people away, especially if that’s not what they’re looking for. Game designers are tasked with finding the balance and understanding the experiences that draw their audiences in, to begin with.
David Jaffe details the pitfalls of neglecting the social aspect of gaming:
“It’s very easy to become a game designer and fall in love with play mechanics and nuance and strategy and tactics. And there are games out there that you can make that speak to an audience that will care about those things. But if you’re making mainstream titles, it’s kind of like trying to be a four-star Michelin chef, but you’re making a menu for McDonald’s. There’s nothing wrong with McDonald’s, and there’s nothing wrong with Ruth’s Chris Steak House either, but you have to know who you’re cooking for.”
Knowing your audience is a core feature of good game design. For example, the community aspect is especially prioritized in multiplayer games that rely on coordination, group strategy, and cooperation. There is, of course, a balance between catering to an audience’s needs and presenting something fresh that can be appreciated in its own right.
“You have to engage with the community,” says Jaffe, “but you also have to understand that you’re not a short-order cook for the community. . .Your job is to sit there with the development team, the publisher, and sometimes the license holder, and go: this is what we are making.”

Community & the Design Process: UX – Designing for the Community

User Experience (UX) Design has a strong overlap with social design. That said, social design has its own skillset that requires an incredible amount of innovation and an understanding of what games mean to gamers. While there are many incredible social designers, they aren’t necessarily all UX designers and vice versa. Still, social designers have a lot to contribute to the field, especially with the amount of user testing they do.
“We do need to really understand how people work and how our audience works,” explains Jami Lukins. “We can be good predictors about how we can influence player behavior towards things that we think will create a sense of community, create camaraderie, create positivity.”
Indeed, the social aspect of gaming underpins a lot of gaming culture in general. It brings people together around shared experiences, teamwork, and community. Part of social design is about creating spaces for people to fully express themselves using game elements they can form connections around.
Lukins goes on to explain how this happens:
“If you let people be themselves and express who they are, that somehow brings people together. I can look over there and see, oh, man, they got that piece of gear. I know they really love that particular activity in the game. I also really love that activity in the game, but I got this version instead of that version.”
Those kinds of interactions can create instant connections between strangers, all in an environment that encourages sociability. The trick, Lukins reveals, is to build these interactions around consistent themes, language, and iconography.
“It gives people a common language to be able to talk about the game and have playful competitions over the game.”
Social design is about giving people shared interests to gather around and appreciate. At its core, it helps people find a common flag to play the game under.

Developing & Managing Communities: Community Management

 “We were incredibly close with a community team. They’re part of our larger team, and we’re talking to the player every day it’s important that we’re talking the same language. What the community managers do, Destiny players support. Our social media managers, they’re the ones at the forefront,” Says Garrett Morlan.

“They have to tell the story on a daily basis when something changes really fast or we make a quick fix because of community sentiment. They’re the ones that have to listen and take it to heart. They also manage that conversation, and they take it very seriously. They are also the ones that get beat up by the internet.”

They’re the faces. They’re the ones that write the blog articles every week, and they’re the ones that communicate. The community managers are incredibly important. Not only are they our friends, but they’ve become friends and comrades to the players. But, they kind of get beat up when the players aren’t too happy.

“But we work together as our global team, and we help them bolster their message from a visual standpoint. We make sure when they’re going to communicate about a certain gameplay activity or a certain weapon that we not only just show them the weapon, but we make it look it’s absolute best,” Says Morlan.

“We make it feel right. We don’t change anything because the weapon’s already super awesome. We put it in a setting. We make it prepped and ready for a blog article or a social media blast. It’s not just a cut out of a weapon. We make sure that all of our graphics match the quality bar for everything Destiny across the board.”

That means when Destiny player support needs to send out a quick fix or a community message that the graphics feel polished and clean and hit that quality bar that’s equal to everything else.

“We work on key art for our games, the poster, a game box art, the commercials that we make, the trailers, events, things you would see at a trade show booth, at E3. Eevery single thing.”

Community is another one of those key cornerstones to what we do when we communicate our world. The graphic design is always a pillar of that. Quality to community is its equal.