The relationship between athletes and the media has changed significantly. Nowadays, athletes don’t necessarily need to rely on the news media to share their stories, successes, or activities. In addition to social media, sports organizations and sports management have the ability to share their own news now. In the past, they were reliant on traditional media, television stations, and newspapers for these things.

Social Media Is the Future of Global Sports

In some ways, social media has given athletes more power of their own. This freedom has empowered them to tell their stories. But, in another sense, this has made things more difficult for them because they have to stay on top of social media all the time. They have to constantly check on what people are saying and posting. As a result, we almost see the media reporting on what happens on social media now, rather than, just covering breaking news stories the way they used to.

The Atlanta Braves’ facility is a good example of a ballpark that is very interactive with the fans. They offer their fans sports perks like renting a baseball glove or ziplining at the stadium. In addition, there are a number of other exciting things that fans can do when they aren’t watching the game.

Sports Management Education for Marketing Global Sports

The interesting thing about this interactive model is that it also benefits sponsorships. Sponsors want people to come to the game. Often, they have signs at any given arena or stadium. For example, Pepsi places advertisements all over the stadium, and they want as many eyes on those signs as possible in order to see a return on their investment.

Great Sports Management Leads to Great Sponsorships

These interactive experiences are a great way to draw people to the ballpark. Sponsors greatly appreciate this because more eyes in the ballpark mean more eyes are their sponsorship signs.

One example of the sports ecosystem is the Little Caesars Arena in Downtown Detroit. The community around this arena has always been vibrant. Even though it has seen its share of ups and downs, including more challenging times recently than in the past, it remains spirited.

We are looking at how sports can be used to grow a city through economic and social development. We are looking to take some of the things that aren’t working so well and use these events and venues to spur something new.

Sports Management Investments to Improve Development

Sports facilities have a unique way of helping communities come together. Part of this is due to the development of property that, otherwise, might not have a significant impact on the community for decades to come. It may be in a Brownfields area or an opportunity zone that would never see the level of investment if not for these facilities. So what we see in this type of ecosystem is the community coming to the downtown corridor to watch live sports.

Around 20-30 years ago, sports facilities were developed in the suburbs. People would trek out there or to areas on the fringe of the urban population to watch the games. Now we are seeing sports being developed more in the urban core. Along with that, we see transit and modalities that would never have happened if it weren’t for these investments.

This is not to say that sports are solely responsible for this kind of rebuild. It’s just saying that they helped accelerate the local government’s investments in the community. Sports helped bring more people to the local downtown market. It gets people to walk or take public transportation to the games, letting people spend more time in the urban core.

The Future of Global Sports Ecosystems

Whether these people live there or just visit, they are shopping there now. They are spending time and money there. They eat at the restaurants and see the events there. These people are crowding out money that’s usually being spent somewhere else. In addition, they are generating incremental income for the local community.

Let’s refer back to the example of Little Caesars Arena in the Detroit area. This building opened a year ago as the successor facility for the Joe Louis Arena. There has been a resurgence of putting sports in downtown areas. In Detroit, the Lions played out in Pontiac and the Pistons that played in Auburn Hills.

Even though the Joe Louis Arena was downtown, the Red Wings moved about a half a mile north to the Detroit District because there was a more modern facility there. It’s in downtown Detroit in a place called the District Detroit. It’s close to Comerica Park, where the Tigers play, and the Ford Field, where the Detroit Lions play.

Even in an area that has become a local sports hangout, you wouldn’t even know that the Little Arena was an arena if you walked up to it. Its facade appears to be offices, restaurants, and open spaces. It doesn’t look like the traditional arena of the past. However, when you walk in, you are greeted with videos and the history of the Red Wings and Pistons, who play there.

The flow through the building makes it a wonderful place to watch a sporting event. They offer many different ways to consume the game through great restaurants, shops, and video monitors. In addition, the inside of the building is full of digital media to help viewers enjoy the games. The Little Caesars Arena is a wonderful facility that will probably be the hallmark for how arenas will be built for the next several years.

Now there is this area in the urban core that is sports-related. But if you walk around, there are also restaurants, shops, and parking in the same urban core. More people are moving into the downtown corridor, which may not have happened without sports being built up there. It could have taken many more years to succeed without this kind of influence.

The NCAA (NationalCollegiatee Athletic Association) is very complicated right now. We are only really referring to big-time college football, men’s football, and men’s basketball. Issues are revolving around the black market and the Adidas case where guys were arrested for handing money over. These things wouldn’t exist if there wasn’t pressure around young athletes on national television. Tons of money around them and they aren’t seeing any of it. These are enormous businesses, and these issues defy common sense.

One fundamental question asks if there is something to look at here or not. In 1984, a class-action suit was brought by the major football schools against the NCAA and Walter Byers negotiating to make their own television deals. This case, known as the Oklahoma Board of Regents V NCAA was a supreme court case where Notre Dame at the University of Texas thought that they should be able to make their own deals instead of going through the NCAA.

The NCAA responded to this by explaining that their actions were a restraint of trade and antitrust. They went to the Supreme Court and the court favored the NCAA, confirming that it was a restraint of trade and antitrust. The Athletic Director of the University of Texas, Frank Broyles, says, “These schools can now kill what they eat.” This began the proliferation of conference and school deals for the selling of television rights.

March Madness Keeps Schools Connected to the NCAA

Here’s the curious thing though. Around that same time, another significant college sports phenomenon started becoming extremely popular with the advent of cable television and ESPN. This is known as March Madness with college basketball. Many of the schools with excellent football programs also have excellent basketball programs. However, strangely, the now one billion contract for March Madness is still retained and controlled by the NCAA instead of the schools.

Why would these schools insist on having football rights but not basketball rights? The answer is that if they take basketball rights too, then they wouldn’t need the NCAA anymore. Without the NCAA and the student-athlete, their economic model falls apart. This beautiful thing that rakes in tons of money without paying anyone for it would be gone and there’s no justification for that.

Global Sports: The International Olympic Committee’s Rule 40

People who have no ethical or moral center are aggressively challenging sports business today. They don’t understand, and they don’t care. They don’t care if student-athletes are illegal or if closed professional leagues are illegal. They don’t care that the IOC (International Olympic Committee) has something called Rule 40, which doesn’t allow Olympic athletes to promote their sponsors while competing during the Olympics. The IOC controls all of the sponsorships for the Olympics, so they control the exclusive rights and make all the money.

These strict policies may be completely unfair, but they are what make them so brutally efficient and economically advantageous. They dispassionately, coldly, and clinically understand the models of profit.

Sports Management Education

Until you understand these types of sports business models, then you are just another guy calling up sports talk radio to give your opinion. You need to grow up. Do you want to run this thing? Do you want to own this thing? Do you understand what it means? Do you want to change this thing? If you think it’s a lousy system and want to change it, then maybe you need to join them to beat them because you have to understand it before you begin.

In the early 1990s in Baltimore, it was time to build a new ballpark for the Major League Baseball Orioles. Part of the ownership group had the idea that there was a good place to do it in the inner harbor, an area with rich history that had seen better times and seen better days. This idea to put a new ballpark with an old style feel in the inner harbor around all of this history was a real innovation.

The ownership group also started to rebuild the area around it, not only for sports, but for all sorts of business, for all sorts of retail, for things that the local government was doing, and certainly for things in the social sector and the nonprofit space. But it really was a sports-led development that built the community. When some of the leadership from the Baltimore Orioles then moved over to San Diego with the Padres, also in Major League Baseball, it was time to build a new ballpark there.

Taking concepts for a new ballpark, giving them some historical touches with modern amenities, and doing it in a location that would really speak to things that are important to the community seemed to be a theme that was working and that was something to go on. It’s a fine example of a terrific venue that stands today and that’s in great use today.

The next project for this team was then to go to Boston and take on what became a renovation of Fenway Park, one of the oldest, most storied sports venues on the planet, at least in modern times. The renovation involved everything from rebuilding some of the seating — not all of it, because we wanted to keep some tradition and some history — but it included updating the luxury suites, putting some seats on top of the famous green monster out in left field, and putting a newer kind of seating in the right field stands.

For decades, beer was hand delivered off of a truck each and every day. It’s quite a cost in a number of ways. One of the things that they resolved to do with the new ownership was to take some property that sat across the street, a warehouse in particular, and to convert it into a beer storage facility. What they were able to do was then pump the beer through lines into Fenway Park, cutting down costs for sure but also making things much more efficient and effective.

An International Sports Management Education Example

What’s interesting about this group is that along the way, the Boston Red Sox ownership, led by John Henry, purchased an English Premier League football club, Liverpool, one of the most storied organizations in all of global sports. And along with that comes Anfield, the venue that Liverpool has played at for ages. That ‘s more than 150 years old. You can begin to imagine maybe what it is that might be done in terms of renovating that if we look at the timeline between what happened in Baltimore, what happened in San Diego, what happened in Boston. This is quite a sports management project.

In Arlington, Texas, there’s an interesting example emerging. The Dallas Cowboys of the National Football League, one of the most recognizable franchises, with its five-point blue star, plays its home games in Arlington, Texas. Right next door, the Texas Rangers (Major League Baseball) play their home games in a current stadium and they’re going to soon move into a new ballpark. That’s interesting enough, just to look at that part of the ecosystem and those relationships. What builds on that is some development called Texas Live, which is really an entertainment complex that’s (in ways) connected to where the Cowboys play and where the Rangers play.

Part of this growing campus of sorts in Arlington, there’s also the city building, which will be the largest Esports stadium in the United States. We start to see the emergence of, not only sports facilities being connected, but the community connected in a different way. It’s sports. It’s entertainment. It’s really the way people live, and these developments signal a real shift. They’re not just about driving the economics of a community, but it’s really overseeing something driving the society and the social aspects – the reasons that you would want to live in a place.

A New Way to Look at Global Sports

The Esports stadium in Arlington, Texas, is a little bit due in part to some work that the NYU Tish Institute did with the United States Conference of Mayors, Professional Sports Alliance, and the city of Arlington. After looking at the Dallas Cowboys calling the city home, the Texas Rangers calling the city home, and other growth and development in terms of sports and entertainment, one of the questions the mayor of Arlington asked, “What’s our next play in sports? What should we do next?” The Tish Institute, in this project partnership with the conference of mayors, was able to send a project team of graduate students in a capstone nearing completion of their program (overseen by faculty), to work through this question that the mayor had. Working directly with the mayor’s office, the city staff, and the Convention Visitors Bureau, what came out, was Esports and video gaming.

In today’s times, especially with online sports management education, it would seem like that would be the obvious thing to do, the next natural thing to do. Esports seems to be so exciting. It’s hot. How could you go wrong with it? It wasn’t quite that simple. Of course, these things have to be thoughtful and thought out. You have to have the infrastructure and the financing as well as willingness and an interest to get involved in emerging activity like Esports. But what the mayor’s office and Convention Visitors Bureau saw, through this relationship between them and NYU Tish Institute and the conference of mayors, was that Arlington was, in fact, primed as a location for Esports. City leaders took that idea and the research behind it and the next thing you know, is the announcement of what will be the largest sports stadium in the United States.

Accessing Electronic Sports Management Education

Esports is actually a number of different activities across a number of different video game titles, across a number of different video game platforms. In a way, Esports and the excitement around it, is everything that we love about sports. Esports is really for everyone. Any city can do it because any business can be involved in it. The reason any business can be involved in it is because any person can be involved in it. Anybody can participate in Esports.

What led Arlington to Esports and to move forward on it is, first and foremost, a willingness by city leadership to ask questions about where they might go next and a willingness to look at the entire sports landscape. They were willing to look at the entire landscape, travel and tourism, and the way businesses work.

We look at it and say, “Well, they must have been taking quite a risk, or at least an educated risk.” But it’s no different than any other decision to do something. In this example, what Arlington has going for it, and the big reason that it went for Esports and to build a large Esports stadium in the United States, is because the leadership there could see how connected it was. They could see how connected Esports is to what people are looking for as residents in the community and as travelers to a community.

New developments in neuroscience is opening up new ways for athletes and coaches to monitor sports management. It’s something essential to today’s sports management education or online sports management education.

Neuroscience allows sports teams to gain an edge. Monitoring brainwave activity while athletes are practicing their craft can give teams real insights into a player’s strengths and weaknesses. Now, in addition to being an evaluative tool, it can also be a valuable coaching device and development tool.

One example of the application of this technology is a company called deCervo, which is helping teams assess baseball players’ reaction time to identifying pitches. One of the most important skills a batter can have is the ability to quickly identify pitch type, balls and strikes. Some players have a natural ability to make quick accurate judgments. Those players are in high demand. We’ve also learned that other athletes can hone those skills through training.

Many sports organizations have invested in tech startups. Sports teams have joined forces with venture capitalists to create accelerators, incubators, and other early-stage platforms for new technology and ideas to grow into viable businesses.

One of the pioneers in this area is the Los Angeles Dodgers. They were one of the first to do this. They formed an organization called Global Sports Venture Studio. It’s led to the development of more than a dozen companies, including two that have become forces in the sports tech space: Kinduct and ShotTracker.

Major League Soccer is also in this accelerator space, hoping to develop companies that take fan engagement or even player development to the next level.

Wearable technology is really becoming an important aspect of data capture for sports teams and for the athletes themselves. And where it really comes into play is in the continuous flow sports like basketball or soccer. What you’ll find is that in these continuous flow sports, you’re monitoring a lot of the biometric data and information. And you’re measuring levels of hydration. You’re measuring fatigue. You’re measuring stamina. You’re measuring heart rate. You can look at a soccer player as he or she runs up and down the field of play and understand how all of these measurements I just mentioned change with their exertion level.

And this is a way to catch fatigue when it’s going to occur. It’s also a way to build stamina. We understand where the limits are and where the decline comes. How do you push past that and build stamina in these athletes?

There are several issues with wearables and the biometric and health data that it captures. There are the HIPAA regulations which prevent, without the athletes authorization, the open sharing of that information. So, it’s not like teams can freely pass it to one another. Secondly, from an athlete standpoint, he or she may feel that they own that data.

It’s about their body and their personal biometric data. This is a very sensitive issue in sports management. And, in global sports, it’s an issue that players’ unions are very involved in. They’re involved in negotiations with leagues and are trying to implement standards to protect the athlete.

This information is something a reputable sports management education will cover.

Let’s talk about one of the most dynamic areas in all of sports today. That’s the media landscape, which is changing constantly. One of the things we’re seeing is that linear TV is really plummeting, while over-the-top, or OTT, is rising dramatically. As we all know, sports is really the last major holdout that is saving linear TV. By linear TV, what I mean is sitting in front of your TV set at a specific point in time, watching live broadcasts.

In 2005, 14 of the top 100 telecasts were live sports. 10 years later, in 2015, 93 of the top 100 telecasts viewed were live sporting events. Instead of watching linear TV, people are now consuming broadcasts online, on mobile devices or from non-networks like Netflix, Facebook or YouTube. As opposed to the go-to source for content, a TV has simply become a bigger screen to view video.

In some cases, though, the exception is for major sporting leagues and events. Those are the things that still attract eyeballs on a live basis. Now, over-the-top, or direct-to-consumer, is where the growth really is. Many sports leagues are on linear TV, and they also have an over-the-top offering. Major League Baseball, for example, has their MLB At Bat app, which is a direct-to-consumer offering.

The NFL, of course, has their role in broadcast TV, but they also have streaming with DIRECTV. About one third of Americans say that they watch more streaming TV than actual linear television.

In many ways, streaming matches up so much better with our modern on-the-go lifestyle. Plus, the quality of our smartphones, especially with ever-increasing bandwidth such as 5G, will allow for even greater efficiency for streaming video. Netflix is subscribed to by over half of US households, and they’re also the source of some of the best award-winning content. So, as you can see, the media landscape is changing dramatically and rapidly, and it has major implications for the world of both national and global sports.

Online sports management education is a great place to start if you want to learn more about how media has changed and evolved in relation to sporting events. It’s also a good way to learn many other sports management concepts and lessons to form a complete, high-quality sports management education.

“What advice do you give to sports management students as they’re approaching their career or ready to make a change in their career?” asks Laurajean Holmgren.

Bess Brodsky replies, “One of the first things that I tell people is that they have to take responsibility for their career, and they really have to craft a plan. What’s so interesting to me is the number of students and young professionals that I meet with so many different interests, different passions, and different directions that they want to go in the industry. So it’s not a simple answer to say, ‘You should do this’ or ‘You should do that.’ It’s really important to create an individual plan.

“At the start, you must have a good resume and a good LinkedIn profile,” Brodsky continues. “As we progress in our career it’s fine to look at your resume, but what’s really important is that it needs to outline the skill sets that you bring to the table so that a potential employer can really understand what you can do for them. How can you be a solution to their need to fill a role?”

The Importance of Resumes and LinkedIn in Sports Management Education

Brodsky notes that while there are many different styles of resumes, it’s always important for job seekers to explain their qualifications in terms of quantifiable accomplishments vs. broad statements. “I don’t like resumes where I see, ‘I’m responsible for …’ ‘Responsible for’ doesn’t actually mean that you even did it. It means you were responsible for it. Maybe somebody on your staff did it,” Brodsky says. “So, I really stress with people the importance of outlining what it is that they did so that a potential employer can understand what it is they bring to the table.”

She points out that a LinkedIn profile offers “an opportunity to be a little bit more creative … like painting a picture of yourself and who you are.” It’s an opportunity to highlight your skill sets, post a video or a link to a personal website, and include recommendations from former colleagues and employers, she explains. “It’s really an opportunity for somebody to go online and see a portrait of who you are. And I know many people that have been offered jobs just based on somebody reaching out to them via their LinkedIn profile. So those are the two most important things that I see.”

Holmgren agrees. “Right, it’s not just the what, it’s how you’re doing it,” she says. “We often say that students should take a plan and approach their career in a way that shows they know what they want, build the steps towards where they want to go. Does the next job have some of the attributes that match their personality and what they’re really looking for?”

“Exactly!” Brodsky declares. “I think what’s really important as you go on through your career is that you build your personal brand. One of the things that I work with students on is to develop what we call the ‘wow, how, and now’ statement. … You want to tell somebody something that’s going to make them go, ‘Wow!’ And then you want to go into how you got there and what you are doing now.

“So mine would be: ‘After working as an attorney, working as a vice president of sponsorship at Madison Square Garden, and working with top corporations and athletes, I’ve transitioned into being a career counselor and working on navigating career journeys with young professionals in the sports and entertainment industry.’ So you know that I was an attorney, you know I worked at Madison Square Garden, and you know I transitioned. And I told you that in just 20 or 30 seconds.”

Creating a Successful Social Media Profile

Although, when developing their personal branding statements, some people want to give a detailed account of their careers including each job title, Brodsky stresses the importance of an “elevator pitch” to use at a networking event, at a party, or even in an actual elevator, to “succinctly tell somebody who you are and what you’re looking for, so they can get an idea of how they can help you.” She adds that a social media presence, especially on Twitter and Facebook, is also very important.

“And LinkedIn,” Holmgren chimes in. “With LinkedIn, finding your voice on social platforms is crucial — not only being able to post professionally what relates to you and what your voice is, but it’s also something that really creates your brand online.” She goes on to explain that on LinkedIn, best practices include finding articles worth sharing as well as taking a valuable thought of your own and putting it down on paper.

Holmgren notes that great faculty members who often share best practices emphasize the importance of making sure that you find your fit. “That’s what I’m doing now,” she says. “I tend to focus on specific areas of sports that I’m passionate about. That may not speak to exactly what I’m doing right now, but if I want to take the next step, you can see what my voice is online.”

“In this day and age, it’s really important to have a professional profile,” Brodsky says, adding that LinkedIn is the best vehicle for it. “So if you have a Facebook page and that’s going to be about your personal life, keep that to your personal life,” she advises. “There’s the personal and the professional, and it’s really important, especially with young people and millennials, to keep those separate. You really want to be as professional as possible.”