Looking at other people’s performances on stage and critiquing them is a really good way for us to grow as a class and also be able to critique people without the fear of them getting upset. So one thing we can look at is Ed Sheeran’s performance with his looping pedals versus his performance of the same song with a band.

We will talk about the ways in which one seems more intimate, but one seems more professional. In one, you can see the errors that are made. In the other one, it’s more easygoing.

It’s really usually split half and half between the classes of which one they appreciate more. But what we’re looking at here is really the ability to do the same song in two different styles: one by yourself, and one with an entire band. And it’s really awesome to see that that’s possible these days. As far as music education goes, knowing the difference between a solo performance and a group performance is important to remember.

We’re in an age of technology where we can make practically anything happen. And depending on who the audience is, we can focus that performance for those people specifically.

A really great exercise I do with my students is that I force them to take out all the elements of the song except for two. So there are only two instruments and a voice. This changes the students’ understanding of their song completely. In a lot of cases, it also changes the way they see the song, and sometimes even all of the music they’re creating.

Just this one little experimentation in minimalism can help see which elements of the song are important and which of them are superfluous. Removing elements that don’t synergize well can greatly improve the quality of a song in creation, remember this as you continue your online music education.

Experimentation with live instrumentation is greatly important to the artist’s development. If somebody comes in with an electronic-based track, we try to make it live because being comfortable onstage in all different ways means that you’re ready for anything.

If somebody comes to you and says, “We really loved your performance, but could you do it acoustic?” We want you to feel like you’re more than strong enough to do that, to take that chance, and feel comfortable with different instrumentation onstage.

This means it could be a symphony orchestra or just playing to a track or singing an a cappella. We want all of those things to feel just as comfortable for you. So we make sure that we collaborate with different people, feel different rhythms, and explore the way it sounds to have live drums next to you versus having drums on track.

All of these things can be complicated to feel safe with on a stage. But making sure that you practice and get used to it is really important.

You know, some people’s sound is so specific, and they don’t want to move outside of this. But for me, I feel like attempting to go for it, and really challenging yourself is an incredibly important part of the process.

Last year, one of my students was a hip hop performer. I kind of forced him to try to play with a live band. He was not initially interested, but he did so. Afterwards, it completely changed his sound. And from then on, that was his go-to method of performing.

So for me, it’s really important to just try this process because it doesn’t hurt. You don’t know what’s going to happen with that song, the rest of your music, and you could even be starting an entire new genre of music.

As an artist, you have to make the choice of whether or not you’re going to be the leader of your band, or whether or not you’re going to have a musical director, or whether or not you’re going to have someone who is basically producing your show and putting you in place.

There are three different types of directions there. If you are leading your band, then your music knowledge has to be on point. You have to understand the arrangements. You have to understand how to start a song and how to end a song. You even have to understand how to talk to your band musicians.

If you have a musical director, then you have to be willing to listen to what the musical director is telling you in terms of when your entrance is, when you should pause, where a solo is appropriate, when you should take a break, and so on.

All of those things are worked out (with your input, of course) with the musical director. If there’s someone who’s producing the show from top to bottom, then it’s pretty much like you’re going to be told when to sing, where to go, when to stand, when to breathe, when to move, and when to bow. All of those things are worked out because you have someone who’s producing the show and they usually know what they’re doing, so you can all put on an amazing show.

You probably got here by clicking on something regarding building your image or music marketing. The truth behind your intention for doing so was probably that you want to build your audience, which is important to keep in mind during your music education. Having a clear image of what your marketing strategy will be is very important, and it should fit into a really clear goal that you hopefully have: finding your fans, identifying them, going out to where they are, and giving what you’ve made to them.

This goes along with any other aspirations you might have about getting a record deal or getting management. All those people in the music industry are just chasing audiences. They’re not chasing you. They’re not chasing the talent. They’re chasing audiences.

That means, your focus should be finding out who your audience is. The really good news is, unless you’re making a really bad product, assuming you have pretty good songs, there is an audience for you out there. There’s an audience for everybody.

One of the first important changes that we all need to go through when we start communicating about the things that we’ve made (and that’s what music marketing is, right?) is to grab your audience’s attention. We’re just trying to communicate and say, “I want to win your trust to take the 15 seconds to listen to my song.” To do that, I need to say something, or you need to read something.

The first big change we need to look at is to refraining from simply just focusing on describing what we’re doing, which a lot of us start out doing in the beginning. We say, “Hey, I’m Mark, and I play guitar.” But that’s sort of a commodity and it doesn’t really resonate on an emotional level with anyone.

A really important hack you might learn in online music education is to actually just change the sequencing of saying what you do and focusing on saying why you do what you do first. Then you just illustrate that what you’re working on, be it your band, your album, whatever project it happens to be, is proof of what you believe in, what your “why” is.

So on one hand, I could say, “I play guitar. I’ve been playing for a long time. I have an album coming out. Please listen.” That doesn’t resonate very hard, does it?

Or I could go a different route and say, “When I was growing up, I didn’t see my brothers or sisters very often. But one day, my brother came around and gave me his guitar, and then everything changed. I ended up writing songs. I have an album coming out with those very songs. Would you like to listen?”

Now, it doesn’t really matter if my style of music isn’t your cup of tea, as long as — on a belief level — if my “why” has resonated with you. If it has, then chances are you’re going to take a moment and check it out, which is all we’re ever trying to do. So this pivot to starting with “why” is really important.

It’s not just rooted in psychology. There’s also a biological component to it. I promise we won’t go too scientific in this course, but the reason we all focus on “what” is because the outer layer of our brains, the first thing that the information I’m saying is reaching, just focuses on language.

So if I know that the first thing you’re going to process when my words hit your brain is “what” I’m saying, I’m going to emphasize “what.” But where we make decisions, where our beliefs and our values live, is actually deeper in the center part of the brain. That’s why “why” is more important than “what.”

What we’re essentially doing, if you can visualize it, is that by starting with “why,” we’re jumping right to the decision-making point and we’re not making all these words go through the processing part of the brain. That’s all happening as well, but we’re sort of taking a shortcut. So it’s literally in our biology that when we lead with “why” in our beliefs, things resonate faster.

In the music industry, it’s crucial to find who your target audience is, and it’s important that it’s based on real data. So, what you should do right now is create a profile. Create that John or Jane Doe who you think would love your music. Even if you only have 10 fans on Facebook or any platform, try to look at what the commonalities are amongst the people who love what you’re creating. Whether it be the shoes they wear, or their age, or where they’ve gone to school, all of this stuff starts to paint a picture of where you’ll be able to find your audience in the future.

The next thing to really make sure that you’re doing once you start getting some sort of response, even if it’s only five people following you on Instagram or coming out to your show, is to really start embracing your first followers. You want to do this because those first followers have the potential to become the biggest evangelizers on your behalf.

As much as we can talk about potential marketing strategies that we can do, it’s also really nice to have your marketing happening while you’re sleeping. This is another reason that you want to really embrace your early fans and make them feel like there’s a reason they should be championing you on your behalf.

So, whether you’ve just started performing or whether you’re starting to get plays on SoundCloud, you should really make sure that you’re starting to know who your fans are. For example, if you have less than 100 fans on Facebook, you should try to know all of their names. The people who come out to your show—those are people you should try to talk to afterward.

One of my favorite related stories is about Beyoncé. If any of us went to go see her in a stadium today, she certainly would not stay afterward to talk to all of us. She doesn’t need to. However, if you look at footage from some of the first Destiny’s Child concerts from the 1990s when there were 20 or so people at a gymnasium, she’s staying after the performance and talking to every one of them. She’s taking the time to learn who they are, and she’s leaving them with a great impression. There’s no reason that you and I can’t do the same.

For anyone interested, there is far more to learn regarding a wide variety of music-related concepts by exploring online music education, which is by far the most convenient form of music education available.

To me, a good musical performance is about three things. One is being comfortable with your body. One is being comfortable with your breath. And one is being comfortable with yourself.

One tip I give my students is to listen to their music while they walk around the city, or ride their bike to work, or even take a bath. By allowing your music to, in a way, infiltrate your entire being, you can feel like it’s really inhabiting every cell of your body. Walking out on the street, dancing throughout the day—all of these things are enmeshing the music and your identity together, which is a really important part of your growth as a performer.

Another thing I suggest is to listen to music while you’re working out. If you go to the gym, there’s a musical exercise you can do while on the treadmill. As you’re going at a nice slow pace, for about three to five minutes, just start singing to yourself, “la, la, la, la, la, la, la, la, la. La, la, la, la, la, la, la, la, la.” Sing these notes in time with your breathing, and it will allow you to feel your breath.

Alternatively, you can do the same exercise, but instead of doing it on the treadmill, you can do it while you’re doing sit-ups. Either way, it will allow you to feel connected to your breath. It’s about the breath, and it’s all about understanding how your body works.

During a performance, you’re speaking very quickly. The volume sometimes has to be very loud, and it’s also rhythmically challenging. As a result, the tendency for singers and also for hip-hop artists/rappers is that they sometimes forget to breathe. Then, what happens is that the breath becomes short. No air is getting down. All of a sudden, you’re gripping from the outside, and eventually, the voice reaches a point where it can’t take it any longer, and the performance falters.

We’ve got to breathe deeply and move on that breath. And move on that breath, and move on that breath, continuously. We find the rhythm within the breath. The breath truly sets up the rhythm—really, it’s the breath that creates the rhythm.

I usually tell my students that they should be able to sing their entire set while they’re running, doing sit-ups, on the elliptical—during all of these different types of physical movements that we’re so used to doing. We should be able to do them while singing and listening to our own music.

And eventually, at a certain point, the rehearsing of these movements together will make it seem like second nature. We don’t ever want to walk on stage feeling like we aren’t prepared, so preparing through all of these everyday activities will help us feel like it’s no big deal. It’s just breathing.

With online music education, you can learn much more about improving your musical performances, as well as a wide variety of lessons about building a career in the music industry. Your high-quality music education is right there, waiting for you to seize it.

There’s a concept called product-market fit, and it’s one of the most important elements in finding your audience, finding customers, in anything you ever want to do. It may sound self-explanatory, but it’s actually pretty complicated when you learn about it in online music education. A really helpful way to think about product-market fit is to think about it as a moment in time.

If you think about the moment when someone is saying the words coming out of their mouth, or when they play you a song, at first it all sort of has infinite potential. One could play a song right now and, in theory, 7 billion people on the planet could love it. But that doesn’t actually happen in the music industry, does it? But as soon as that product interacts with any sort of market, the potential for it starts to fall. This happens even with the greatest things of all time.

But at a certain point, hopefully what happens is it stops somewhere. So that song has infinite potential at first, then it starts falling down, and suddenly there’s some consistency to the group of people that like it. This actually happens with most things that come out. What a lot of entrepreneurs and artists miss, though, is actually doing the analysis to figure out what the commonalities are about where it stopped.

So the story goes that an artist has been playing concerts, and it seems like these five specific people keep going to every show, even though they’re not friends. Is there anything they have in common? You’ll find that it’s usually not random. They actually all like the same five artists. They all listen to music on Spotify but not TIDAL. They all use Android but not iPhone. It can seem very random at first.

But as soon as you notice these patterns, you’re starting to find your product-market fit. You’re starting to be able to define exactly who your target audience is. It’s always recommended, to make a John or Jane Doe profile of who your person is, so you can put a name to your fan. So saying, “My fan is someone who shops at H&M, lives in Canada, is in this age range, and likes these kinds of artists,” is great information to have.

This is really important to do because artists are people who make their own things out of nothing. They are usually not the best at actually predicting who their audience is. It’s been seen time and time again. Usually, what we want to do is make our target audience a mirror of ourselves. So it could be tempting for me right now to say, “My target audience is 32-year-old men who live in New York and who have beards, right?”

But if I actually look at my SoundCloud data, it would reveal that a lot of my fans are 45-year-old women who live in Europe. Which is great, but it’s not exactly me. And it’s actually taking the time to look at where and who my music is resonating with, and finding out what’s common among them. That’s your target audience.

So finding product-market fit is something that will take you a very long time to master as you study music education, but you need to constantly be thinking that it’s kind of a waste of time for you to do a lot of marketing, advertising, and trying to get the word out until you find your product-market fit.

Not finding your product-market fit is how labels and artists waste upwards of millions of dollars by these very expensive experiments of doing Facebook ads to anybody, rather than knowing who they’re selling to. We know that the product-market fit is comprised of people that love these three artists. We’re only going to go there. So it’ll save you a lot of time, money, and emotional heartache by waiting to actually market and do these creative ideas you hopefully have to get the word out until you have found your product-market fit.

The history of the music industry is an important piece of any music education or online music education. What many might not realize is how early folk artists heavily influenced the modern music industry in ways you wouldn’t expect. It began with mobile recorders traveling to find otherwise undiscovered talents.

Reebee Garofalo talks about a division in the music industry and that there was a carriage trade, as he called it. What he meant by that was a very upscale market for music and a cracker barrel trade, which essentially is a downscale market for music. There were sections of the music industry that really catered to this sort of downscale market, and they sought out, essentially, the sound of the common folk or folk music.

What were the songs that eventually made it onto the records? Entrepreneurs like Ralph Peer crossed the country with mobile recorders in an attempt to find hillbilly artists and blues artists to record. These were local singers and songwriters who would not have been known to the outside world otherwise.

As one example, Ralph Peer was the first person to record Jimmie Rodgers and the Carter family.

Hillbilly songs and sounds later became known as country or country and western. Two other towering figures of this time were John and Alan Lomax. They were folklorists who managed to record lots and lots of blues tunes from all over the country.

John and Alan Lomax discovered artists like Lead Belly. Alan Lomax was later very much a patron and supporter of Woody Guthrie. Alan Lomax taught a lot of these songs to a young man named Pete Seeger, who then, in turn, mentored somebody named Bob Dylan. There is a genealogy of popular music that can be traced back to the work of these early field recording music entrepreneurs.

Who comes to mind when you hear “request a ride”? Uber. Who comes to mind when you hear “order it online”? Amazon. And who comes to mind when you hear “grunge”? Nirvana.

So, what’s going on here? Why do almost all of us think pretty much the same answers to these questions that, honestly, there could be multiple answers to? We could have easily said Lyft, or eBay, or Pearl Jam, right? And they all would have been acceptable answers. However, most of us likely thought of the same names.

What’s going on here is that there is this concept of creating a category that a lot of times inadvertently happens in marketplaces. Whether you’re kind of the first person to start something, or you’re the definitive market leader, categories start being referred to for what you’re doing.

When we’re starting out and trying to build an audience, one of the really difficult things, especially for those of us who write songs and make music, is that we quickly get lumped into a category. Not only are these existing categories, but categories that sometimes have been around for over a hundred years, meaning there’s really no chance of becoming a market leader for that category.

If I say I make R&B music, first of all, you might be thinking of something different when I say it than what I’m actually making. And secondly, the chances of me establishing myself early on as the number one result for the R&B genre are pretty much zero.

So, what we need to think about is this concept called the law of category, which says that if you can’t be first in the category that you’re in, then you need to create a new category—you need to create your own category name. People have chosen to do this in a number of ways, ranging from merging together genre names to just coming up with something that’s complete gibberish.

There was a great artist I worked with who makes a kind of electronic music but didn’t want to just describe it that way. So he came back one day and said “I make Tron bop hop.” I told him I had no idea what that was, but then he played me some of his new song, and I completely understood. Somehow, it sounded like “Tron bop hop”.

Now, after a while of using that in his tag instead of just electronic music, when you search on Google for “Tron bop hop”, he’s the top result. Not only that but as other artists start seeing that tag used, some of them want to use it as well. So when EDM blew up, a lot of people that had never called themselves EDM started doing so. When that happens, what it actually does is push up the leader.

If you create your own category, and then a year later I use that same name, I’m actually, in a way, inadvertently promoting you as well. So, category creation is a really important part of building your image and being seen as a singular entity, and not just one of a million people doing the same thing. Now, you can likely see why it’s important to learn how to identify an existing art form or define a new one. It’s because creating your own category and identifying existing ones is a huge part of being able to really communicate, and to identify who your audience is going to be.

With online music education, you can learn more about finding success and crafting your own lane in the music industry, as well as many other important lessons and concepts that come with a quality music education.

The ability to critique yourself and others, and hear others’ critiques, is a true art in itself. Most of us tend to forget that this is a part of artistry, but in truth, it’s probably one of the biggest parts of it, especially once you reach a certain level. Keeping your cool, understanding yourself, and really taking the time to sit with every critique is really important.

As part of my class, we focus a lot on critiquing other people and critiquing ourselves, because it really helps us along the process of building our stamina for criticism in general. Our students critique each other on their performances, their songs, and their ability to be onstage and feel safe.

A lot of critique is really about figuring out what you’re good at, figuring out what you’re bad at, and what you need to improve on. What gets in the way sometimes is our instinct to be competitive with one another. We have to think of ourselves like we’re on two different trains moving next to each other. You can speed up and slow down, and that other person can speed up and slow down, but it doesn’t really matter who gets there first.

When providing feedback to other students, we really try to disregard this polarity idea that it’s either good or bad. Instead, giving feedback such as some things that could be worked on, or some suggestions for the future is a really helpful way of critiquing another artist.

This conversation about critique leads us into a conversation about collaboration, because really understanding how other people communicate is a major part of collaboration, as well as a major part of being able to be involved with your community of artists. So, within collaboration, we understand each other’s expertise. For example, this person is a great singer, and I’m a great drummer. Why don’t we do something together?

It’s about being able to trust each other within your creative process. This is really, really important. Sometimes, critique can be complicated, particularly when you’re not in a safe space or when you don’t already trust each other. So, the critique part of this conversation typically happens later on, after you’ve identified that you’re in a group of people that you can feel safe and comfortable around.

In this day and age of the internet, Instagram, Facebook, Twitter—all of these anonymous ways that people can critique you, it’s really hard to not get stuck in what other people think of you. That codependency with your crowd can be really debilitating. That’s where you have to come back to your authenticity, and your story, and your self-awareness, to understand where your confidence lies.

Instead of worrying about that person anonymously criticizing you, it’s important that you see your life and story as it is, wholly, rather than just that one moment.

If you have interest in a career in music, or simply want to learn more about the music industry and how it functions, online music education might be perfect for you. With the convenience of online learning, you can achieve your music education from the comfort of your own home and learn more about the value of critique and collaboration.

Collaboration is a true art. It can be difficult to make boundaries with other musicians and be willing to let go of control.

DJ and rapper Ali Shaheed Muhammad experienced the difficulty of collaboration first hand as a member of the seminal hip-hop group A Tribe Called Quest. After a string of successful albums, he and the group’s lead rappers Q-Tip and Phife Dawg had trouble working together.

“The only change I saw was just to see those guys’ relationship deteriorate,” Muhammad says. “Phife had a problem with me. Dude, I’m in a group with you. You’re not my dad. … That was the end of it for me. All good things must come to an end. 20 years, man, I done everything I could.”

Control and collaboration are challenging aspects of working together. You have a sense of ownership over your own creative endeavor, and you don’t want to relinquish it to someone else. However, the people you work with may be giving expertise to the project, which will benefit everyone. Allowing oneself to let go while simultaneously preserving those limits is a really crucial skill to have. This is something you learn through online music education.

Sometimes it’s important for artists to collaborate with others, and sometimes it’s not. Knowing when it’s important is great, and knowing when it’s not is even better. Approaching collaboration as an idea is something that you have to take a lot of care with. Some people are not the right collaborators because they’re too pushy, or they’re not pushy enough.

Of course you also need to right artistic partner, someone who has been successful in the past with their initiatives. It’s crucial to know how they’ve kept their jobs financially afloat. All of their skills should be in areas that you would like to have on your project but are unable to bring to it yourself. You don’t need them if you can bring people to it yourself.

When the process is incredibly intimate, we don’t require a collaborator. You don’t want to be engaged with someone when you know what you want and know it’s so personal to you that you can’t truly have someone else’s opinion on it. This is a big component of being able to say no. Setting limits with your collaboration is critical in music.

And it’s all part of a bigger picture of self-awareness. Creating limits with your colleague in terms of money contracts, how much space to take up on stage, and social media interactions are all critical considerations. You should consider your collaboration to be a marriage.

In music education, I like to discuss the concept of your band as your gang. If you’re forming a band, they are the folks you’d want to hang out with all the time. Those folks should be people you trust to walk your dog, remain in your apartment while you’re away, drive your car, and care for you when you’re sick. All of these very individual qualities are desirable in a collaborator in the music industry.

In terms of media, film is the one where there’s usually more time. There’s usually a much more thought-out process in terms of getting what they need and sort of playing with different ideas. Because films take a little bit of time to put together. The music industry has nuances, depending on the type of media you want your music to end up in, so make sure you do your research for the type you want.

Television is usually very short. Very short timelines. So they’re going to want something where it’s going to really be something that is either going to be right there in your face, or you’re going to have to react really quickly to it.

Let’s talk about other forms of media. The first thing I’m going to say is really, really important for your music education. This touches a bit on video games, but it’s really pertinent to all forms of media. Do your research.

Research everything you can get your hands on. Go on IMDB. Go on YouTube. If you want to figure out how to make good trailer music, go and watch a bunch of trailers on YouTube. It’s as simple as that.

Just go on YouTube and look up trailers for films that you want, or that you like the sound of, or that you want to submit to. That’s the first order of business; do your research. Remember to always do your research as you continue your online music education.

Find out if there’s a music supervisor who does some cool stuff. Let’s say we have a music supervisor coming in on Saturday. His name is Chris Mollere! And Chris Mollere has done Get Out. He’s done Pretty Little Liars, Vampire Diaries, a whole bunch of stuff. If people want to connect music to him, first point that you need to do is to research, and find out what is it exactly that this guy’s done.

What kinds of TV shows as he worked on? What kinds of films has he worked on? What are his current projects? Armed with that info, go and listen to that. Get a feel for it.

And then be honest with yourself. Say, “Okay, I know what this person’s kind of music is. Does my music fit? Am I going to give them something that they’re going to use and will make them want to come to me? Or something where they’re going to think that this person doesn’t even know how to research? They don’t even know what they’re looking for.” That’s the first order of business; do your research.

As for the different forms of media, if you want to work with a particular brand or you want to work in ads, look up the ads of that brand. Look at what they’ve done. You want to have trailer music? There’s a specific formula for trailer music. Go watch a lot of trailers and then figure that out from there.

If you want to work with film, the best thing to do is to look at a lot of the films wherein you would want to have your music featured. The same goes for television shows. Research the TV shows and the music supervisors and what they do.

Finally, in video games, if you’re submitting for games, you had better play that game. You should just look at the video games that you like. That’s the best way to start off; if there are video games that you want to put music into, check out what’s been already been done in that franchise or genre.

If you like Super Mario, which goes back probably 30 years or so, it’s got some history behind it. You can take a look at YouTube if you know you don’t have access to a Super Nintendo. Really do your research and see what has Nintendo done during this time.

Or let’s take another example. Let’s take a look at the Metal Gear franchise. Metal Gear’s been around for way, way too long. Probably about the same amount of time as Mario. And they’ve had a certain sound and a certain feel to it.

So if you want to create great music for video games, take a look at the video games that are being created. Take a look at the kinds of music that they’ve used. Try to gear yourself towards that, or gear yourself towards submitting music for video games that is close to the music that’s being used.

That’s really what it comes down to. Out of everything I said about video games and how to submit to them, just play the game. Listen to the music. You should know.

I played Gran Turismo for years. And I played Ridge Racer. I like racing games, so I played those for years. I know the kind of music that they use.

I have to say to myself, “If I was making music, am I going to make music for those? Or do I want to make music for something that’s more like a Warcraft, or something that’s like Civilization? A racing game, a real-time strategy game, or a simulation game?” There are many genres and each have their own sound.

It just comes from doing your research and knowing what kind of project you’re submitting to.