We can look at what would be defined as Vedic theater throughout online performing arts education. This particular theater is from the region that is what we would now call India, though, of course, those geographic boundaries haven’t been exactly the same over many, many, many hundreds of years. Thus, we refer to that area as the Vedic world.

There’s this amazing narrative that comes out of a really important text that was to be formulated much later, which comes out of the Vedic world. It’s called the Natya Sastra. The Natya Sastra is actually considered to be the sacred book of theater, according to Hindu philosophy. That’s already pretty cool, and as a theater maker, if there’s a sacred book of theater, I’m on board. One of the stories (there are many stories of this) in mythology is that, in fact, humanity had come to a point where it was starting to destroy itself. This is in antiquity, also regarded as the “ancient past.” And according to the mythology, the gods were very concerned. These, of course, are the Hindu gods and they have a meeting to gather and discuss what the future of humanity could and would be.

The story tells this amazing notion, an incredibly beautiful and charged idea, that one of the deities, a god named Shiva, would actually move humanity forward. The god Shiva would prevent humanity from destroying itself and instead, would actually propel its growth. He presented this idea, which excited the gods. And the question was, “How do we give it to humanity? How do we share this incredible gift?” And so Lord Shiva has an idea, he will plant that entire notion that he’s created in the brain of one human being named Bharata.

Bharata Introduces Performing Arts

Now, the word Bharata has a lot of roots in it with different definitions depending upon the region and time. Though it’s the name of this character in the story, it is also an old word for person, man, or human. Furthermore, it’s a very old word for artist. What the story is telling us is that the gods are planning to place this on an individual that they define as an artist. They place this idea in that individual’s head and so are born what are called the children of Bharata – which I think is really cool.

The Children of Bharata and Their Role in the Arts

Each of these children actually represents a part of the art forms and the idea is that they are similar to the next child that’s born. The youngest of the children is a child called music. They are supposed to be the purest and one of the most foundational. The next child of Bharata, which I think is really remarkable, is poetry. The idea is that poetry has music in it, so you see this kind of structure within structure. The next child that is born is called sculpture. I would call it visual art. The idea is that visual art has poetry and music within it. The next child that’s born is storytelling, which I think is a remarkable thing because that idea is that storytelling has visuals, poetry, and music within it. And the eldest of the children, that’s born with all of them inside of it, is theater.

This is the great gift from Lord Shiva. It entails the idea that theater is granted as a space that actually holds all of the other art forms and really propels this notion that it is for the intent of the growth of a community. I think it’s a really cool idea whether you subscribe to that philosophy or not. For me, it really brings forth the puzzle of theater, which is that it’s inherently this remarkable interdisciplinary art form that is intended to actually take a varying shape depending on its community, on its culture, and on its moment in history. Through Bharata and their children, we see it as a place of music, poetry, visual art, and storytelling.

By opening night of a performing arts piece, the producer’s job is still not done. Instead of thinking about closing night, you’re now thinking about how to make sure that the run is productive and that you’re able to get people to come see the show. That’s where the second and third phases of marketing will come into play. You’re now thinking about how to fill these seats.

You should always aim to try to get the first two shows sold out because a sold-out show is a great marketing plan. That is the first and foremost goal you should learn as a producer in performing arts education or online performing arts education.

Producer Malini Singh McDonald has worked on a few shows like that. Once those first two shows are sold out, they were able to then shift to marketing and use some other posters that had been included in the marketing plan. On that note, it may be a good idea to have a few different posters that you can use at different times, so it’s not just one graphic. They use that in addition to seat fillers. There’s a lot of programs out there that you can use to help fill seats.

Surprisingly, what inspired a very young August Wilson as a high school student was not theater, not Black theater, but Black poetry. When August Wilson was in high school, he went to his teacher one day and said, “Here’s my latest project. Here’s my assignment.” It was the original poems he’d been writing.

They were so good that the teacher refused to believe that this biracial, self-identifying African-American teenager could have written this thing. He accused August Wilson of plagiarism. August Wilson said, “No, I wrote it myself.”

The teacher didn’t believe him, so August Wilson refused to go back. August Wilson dropped out of high school, never returned, and went to his mother and told her what happened.

His mother tried to make him go back, but August stood firm. He dropped out and never returned again. Instead, August Wilson spent his late high school age years committed to studying Black poetry and the Black arts movement of African-American theater.

He eventually packed up and moved to St. Paul, Minnesota, where he partnered with the folks who founded the Penumbra Theatre Company. Then he sort of sat there, and watched, and saw performing arts theater occur. That’s where he cultivated his voice.

By the end of his career, he was celebrated for having bridged this decade cycle of one play per decade that captured the history of Black life in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He’s now the savior of American theater. He created a huge sensation in the performing arts world, and people still fawn over him and his accomplishments.

He stood before a crowd of those who praised him for saving theater, but who themselves may not have been as actively championing Black theater as they could have been, to say no more needs to be done. He told his story, which helped to pass the torch to the next generation. His story inspired and continues to inspire those wanting to pursue a performing arts education or online performing arts education.

The more interested you are, the more interesting you become. For actors, that’s particularly important because you want to be able to create a performance with your heart, mind, body, and voice that people will be able to picture themselves in. You can learn all this in your online performing arts education.

That’s the ultimate goal: to affect change in people. That’s why the theater exists. It’s like putting up a mirror and having people question something that they might not have questioned in the past.

What you have to offer as an artist is your weirdness, your unique point of view. It’s who you are, your sense of humor, the way you view the world. Think about comedians. For example, some comedians are funny because of how they view the world. They can make you think, “That’s funny. I never thought of it that way.”

You need to understand that your individual perspective is your currency as a performer. That’s what makes you unique, and that’s what’s going to give you a long career because you’re going to be different than everyone else. And that difference is something to celebrate. Cultivate that because there’s no one who can be a better “you” than you, and that’s going to make you stand out. Whether it’s on camera or onstage, they’re going to go, “Oh, that’s different!” And that’s what you want.

As you continue your performing arts education, remember this: Don’t try to fit a mold. Just be you.

Discussing performing arts, “I think that live performance is incredibly democratic,” says Scott Illingworth. “Unlike film or television, which have unique storytelling tools such as cut and frame, live performance allows the viewer or audience member to make their own choices about what they pay attention to — the parts of people’s bodies, which person they pay attention to, how they turn their attention back and forth between performers over the course of the event.”

While offering performing arts education, Illingworth goes on to explain, “It’s hard to state how significant that is in terms of the audience experience. At any given moment, you could be paying close attention to an actor’s face and what’s going on. Then suddenly, you find yourself drawn to the tapping of their foot. It requires, therefore, that actors are incredibly clear in the use of their entire bodies.” Illingworth concludes by stating that it also permits audience members to tell or experience the story in the way they want, based on the things that draw them in. He thinks one of the reasons it continues to last is that people keep finding new ways of rewarding audience members for that kind of experience and attention. This sort of lesson is also taught in online performing arts education.

The most common form of theater across time and space has been solo performance. Think of a storyteller going into a public space, often accompanying themselves with music or speaking in poetry. These performers go by different names: bard, rhapsode, skald. In some ways, a rap artist is a direct inheritor of that tradition.

But Jeff Kaplan says, “When we think of a play in a theater with the lights off and a curtain and we applaud at the end, that form really begins in the 19th century.”

That might sound strange, but it’s true. Kaplan points to the year 1876 as an important turning point in performing arts education. In that year, the German composer Richard Wagner built an opera house in Bayreuth, Germany. In that opera house, the audience all sat facing the stage.

That was different from anything previously known. Before, the lights would be on, and the upper class would sit on the sides facing each other. They wanted to see what each other looked like. The middle class would sit in the middle, and the lower class would sit up in the high areas and throw things and yell and scream.

It was very raucous. It was very much a social event. Kaplan elaborates, “This modern notion in which we’re all sitting very quietly, and we’ve all purchased a ticket so we can consume the content, you know, that’s actually pretty recent.”

As you move through a European idea of theater, you’ll come to Shakespeare the verse plays. Next in online performing arts education, you’ll move on through the 19th century and the creation of naturalism and realism. Of those styles, Elizabeth Bradley explains, “We’re meant to actually suspend disbelief and feel that lives we can relate to are being reflected on stages.”

Realism and naturalism are terms that are often put together, conflated or used interchangeably. Bradley uses a recent important revival of “Our Town” — considered by many an iconic American play — as an example.

Of that particular production, she says, “Using all of our senses as an audience was important. So actual bacon was frying on stage in an actual frying pan in real time. And that’s an example of a kind of heightened realism.”

We still have the (David) Belasco Theatre on Broadway. In the very early years of the 20th century, David Belasco was a producer who believed that every detail added to a certain sense of verisimilitude, the sense that it is real, that it is truthful. Bradley shares, “So every afternoon, he would bring in real shanks of meat to hang on the stage, and they would ripen, so to speak, under the lights during the productions.”

Kaplan says, “Another date I’d point to is 1879, [when] a playwright named Henrik Ibsen wrote a play about a woman named Nora who is in an unhappy marriage.” As viewers watch the play, they discover that Nora has a secret. They also learn that there’s not really a bad guy; there’s not really a villain.

He continues, “And in the end, she walks out — spoiler alert, I’m sorry — but she walks out [on] her family on Christmas at night in Norway without a coat, and she slams the door. And it was the door; it was the door slam heard around the world. Women just didn’t do that.”

With that, theater had spoken truth to power forever. Shakespeare’s Hamlet says that theater is a mirror held up to nature. That’s the beginning of theater’s relationship with modern identity politics. Ever since, plays have really gone where things are sticky.

Take Lorraine Hansberry’s “A Raisin in the Sun,” for example. It’s about the American dream. “After World War II, who can dream?” Kaplan asks. “Does that include an African-American family living on the South Side of Chicago who wants to buy a house in the suburbs? Are they allowed to dream?”

And so, ever since then, performing arts has addressed key issues that confront us to this day and, in fact, right now.

In the process of writing a play, Robert Galinsky states, “I’ve discovered there’s not one right way to do it.” There are many different ways to produce a successful stage story in the performing arts. One of the plays I was writing utilized the advice of Robert McKee, an incredible story structure artist. His main tip is this: Writing is rewriting, is rewriting, is rewriting. The willingness to review and revise your playscript is the key to optimizing your story. Reading McKee’s books and articles is the first step to a performing arts education.

Focusing on the story is one of the most effective ways to write plays. Galinsky recommends that writers should “write the story. Rewrite the story. Rewrite the story again and rewrite it some more. Don’t be afraid to honestly appraise the story, and be willing to eliminate weak plot points or write better ones.”

Every time your characters want to speak, don’t let them. If a brilliant line comes to mind, jot it down. But don’t start writing with dialogue. Start writing with the story and develop a plot.

When your story is really cooked, and you love it, now, open the door and let the characters start talking. They’re dying to speak. They will know what to say because the story is so strong.

That’s one way to do it. But another way to write your play is if you know the characters so well that you can let them go ahead and speak. Galinsky says, “I put them in a room on a piece of paper, and I get them to start talking. I will create an outline while they’re talking, and they help me discover where we are going with this conversation.”

Don’t think there’s a right way or a wrong way to write a play. There are many different ways that depend on where you’re at in your life and what you’re interested in and excited about. Robert Galinsky loves writing the story, story, story until they’re ready to speak. But, he also knows “the five characters inside and out, so I’m going to let them start talking and keep talking.”

All of a sudden some gems of lines can come up, and they’re driving the plot. That’s exciting, too, because when you’re an audience watching a story-driven performance in the theater, it’s different than film. Because the performance is story-driven in the theater, it’s great when the characters take a twist or turn that you don’t expect. And many times, that is only going to happen because of the characters’ response with dialogue, not necessarily their thinking about where the story should go. Watching a play can be an online performing arts education if you are aware of these drama elements.

It’s important for me to look at theater as a field. Yes, a part of that is the industry, which can be very exciting. There’s so much more to explore. Theater doesn’t simply involve a kind of making of a show for a particular audience in a particular theater. It can mean many things. This is an essential element to teach in any performing arts education, even in online performing arts education.

“It happens in small communities, in large communities. It happens with professionally trained individuals, also within community members. It happens in spaces that are, again, about the texts, others that are physical. It takes on all these forms. In many ways, the exploration of theater is an ongoing thing that will keep changing, growing, and developing,” says Ruben Polendo.

You must see theater as a field, for those in theater or who have an interest in theater. The exciting thing is that you have an agency to navigate that field as a theater artist. Regardless, we all navigate the field differently.

“Theater has this odd reputation, which I want to dispel. I want to just push that away. That reputation is one in which people imagine being for this rarefied few. That you go there and everyone’s wearing a tuxedo. They’re watching whatever is playing with opera glasses. It’s just the most alienating, foreign not-for-us scene out there,” states Harvey Young.

That’s not the case at all. Theater, from its roots, has been about people coming together to watch performances. It began as street festivals, street fairs. Think of your favorites as an outdoor concert where people gather, and the community is there. People are expressing their delight, their pleasure. That’s the kind of energy that theater strives to capture. To put into a building and invite people.

That’s the core, base, the root. If you think about what theater gives you, the theater provides that chance to be a fly on the wall. It gives you a chance to spy, to listen, to encounter the stories, the experience, the lives of people who are not your own. It’s a bit voyeuristic. That’s part of the pleasure of it too.

It’s like you are getting access to stories and experiences you haven’t seen before. In some cases, if it’s musical theater, you’re watching not only those “fly-on-the-wall experiences.” You’re also encountering true virtuosity. You’re watching Lin-Manuel Miranda freestyle in certain moments. For example, In Love Supreme.

Theater creates proximity. You’re in the same room as the actors. You’re breathing the same air, and you’re in the seeing moment. It’s not like TV. It’s not like the movie theater; you are there. Your interaction, physicality, and coughing can change the spirit, dynamic, and mood of what’s taking place. That’s why people love theater so much. It feels different when you are there.

Walter, at some point in the show gets a check from his mother because she’s like, “I have to support him, He’s a man, he need to feel like a man.” She gives him the check and the friends that he was thinking were going to hook him up, steal the money. They’re gone so then the family has to make a decision. Meanwhile, the homeowner association in this neighborhood where the new house is, sort of, come late to the table to understand it’s a black family and they want no parts of that. They send a representative to come basically buy out the family to give them a check to not move into the neighborhood and so this is also playing itself out.

By the end of the show, they dismiss him and they’re all back together as a family. They’re back as a place that can contain all these tensions that we have watched play themselves out with each individual character who has a collection of traits and a way that they walk through the world. We also see a way that they think about the world and a way that they relate to people, which is in many ways different than any other character. Then the question comes, “They’re all one family, so at what point do they have the connection and where is the connection?”

That’s what I think the play is about and that’s how you sort of as an actor say, “Where do those sort of live?” I would suggest that, even if I was scoring it or if I was musically directing it. In this incident that happens, what is being revealed and what is being played with? What is being exposed? What opportunities do the characters have to transcend where they are, to think new stuff, to take a chance and to think something new? I think that would be an important way to sort of think about it. That’s how I would analyze the script. That’s how I would see my way through this artificial thing called a play, that happens to be called Raisin in the Sun. Online performing arts education suggests asking, what human stuff can be brought out that anyone in the audience can relate to? Because everybody comes from a family, whether they are inside of that family or outside of it. Everybody sort of has a location. Everybody has a way of thinking about the world and moving through the world, which is uniquely theirs. Performing arts have a way of connecting everyone, no matter the background.

The question for all of us is, how do we live together? How do we connect together? How do we connect as a family? What binds us, and then how do we overcome the obstacles that come to us? Do we do that in separate ways, or do we need to come together to do that? That’s one way of sort of approaching a script analysis on this play that I think could be really useful because you see a whole lot of stuff. Then the trick is, where do you see yourself?

“Do you know what this money means to me?” says Walter Lee Younger. Do you know what this money could do for us, mama? Mama, I want so many things.

Lena Younger replies, “Yes, child.”

Walter Lee Younger then says, “I want so many things that they’re driving me kind of crazy.”