There are so many parts of the sports ecosystem. We tend to think that it starts out with teams or players and fans. But it’s so much more. Sports touches so many different parts of our world. It touches business. It touches government. It touches the nonprofit sector.

Almost everywhere that you turn, there’s probably something that, in some way or another, is connected to sports and sports management. Maybe the drink that you have by your side right now is a company that sponsors something in sports, or sports sponsors something that the company is doing. Or, maybe it’s both.

This really speaks to where global sports is at today in our world. Sports is a reflection of society, and society is a reflection of sports. It’s really something that, in today’s world, in today’s day and age, the relationships of companies, of organizations, and institutions, really connect around sports. Sports, increasingly, is a way to develop all of those.

This is information provided in the sports management education course.

Michael Shear informs us that there are a lot of data points fans hit when they attend a game. They are hitting data points when they use their mobile devices to buy tickets, enter the building or come in through a particular gate. Data points also track where the crowd goes once the game starts, whether they stay in their seats during halftime or leave, if they visit the concession stand and what their food and beverage choices are. This information is all pertinent.

He tells us that one of the first questions he was asked when he started was how many people turned left when they came into the main entrance of the building. This seemed like an off-the-wall question until he realized that Budweiser asked it. They were asking because they had signage to the left of the main bar and wanted to know how many impressions they were getting right out of the gate.

The way that he figured out the answer to that question was by looking at the ticket scans. Out of all the people who had their tickets scanned at the main entrance, he could deduce how many of them went to the concession stands on the left-hand side. From there, he figured out the percentage.

Sports Management Improves With Technology

Years later, after gaining more advanced Wi-Fi systems and mobile ticketing devices, he and his colleagues were able to verify that the initial hypotheses and percentages they came up with were correct. This showed that things were only becoming more impactful. As we enter more of the mobile space, teams are now relying on these things. They include mobile ticketing, mobile transactions, cashless arenas and other items of that nature.

We’re talking about broader data sets and how to manage them. How are teams going to capitalize on that, whether it’s to drive ticket sales or sponsorship sales? These data sets are only getting more extensive and more complicated to manage. They continue to be a challenge because teams need to focus on the fan experience. In some instances, a data warehouse would be beneficial.

What separates going to a live event or game from watching it in the comfort of your own home? This is the challenge that teams have to figure out. The data helps to leverage the personalization aspect and help put fans in seats.

Michael Shear says that when he first started this job, he thinks it was right at the beginning of the trend of leveraging data and analytics in sports. For example, there weren’t many teams that even had an analytic team or an analysis department. He and his associates more or less acted as the CRM (Customer Relationship Management) for the team.

Some teams were just using their ticketing system as a CRM platform, so they didn’t really know that much about their buyers. They weren’t aware of who the ticket holder’s favorite players were or what size shirt they wore. These details can come into play as marketing tactics. Before mobile ticketing, it wasn’t possible to accurately know the fans. You could know who purchased the hard ticket, but you couldn’t know who they were bringing with them.

The Future of Global Sports Relies on CRM

Now, things are definitely more about the big data aspects. The advent of mobile technology has made a major difference. Teams now have entire departments devoted to analytics and business strategy. For example, the CRM of a sports team usually has to keep track of their fans. So, a fan buys a mobile ticket, and that sale goes into the CRM platform, which allows you to track that ticket’s behavior. For instance, you can follow what the fans are buying and what they like to buy, where they live, their geography, their demographics, if they’re married, if they have kids and things of that nature. This is a way for the service team to keep that line of communication open and try to either upscale the fan or personalize their experience.

Today, we will be talking about sports media and marketing. We are going to cover a multitude of topics regarding sports management education. We will talk about the evolution of sports media. In particular, we will discuss how it relates to social media and what the advent of social media means for certain global sports organizations.

Building Brands

We will be talking about how to promote a given sports athlete or a given team. In that, we will also discuss the branding process and marketing mix of sports management. This includes the four P’s and how they can be utilized to build up a particular brand. Branding is one of the most important things for sports organizations. We will also touch on sponsorship and how it can come back to help promote and build brands. In addition to all of this, we will also go over the event arena space, including how it can also help build brands.

There are many different screens in terms of the way people watch global sports. But the first screen is actually live sports, right? The second screen is television, and this is my view of this. And the third screen is really your mobile device.

Imagine this. You’re at home watching something on television that you like. And it’s being displayed with multiple angles or multiple feeds through live streaming. I use the Masters, a golf tournament, as a great example. You might watch the live television feed on CBS.

But masters.com might have several different feeds on their app that could be done from a mobile standpoint. So, the second screen would be TV. The third screen would be your mobile app or your iPad, if you like, or your tablet.

Sometimes I will watch TV and have a computer and a mobile device, all at the same time watching things. I mean it’s somewhat like when you go into a sports bar and you’re watching a lot of different games all at one time.

Our Sports Management Education courses dissect how we watch sports and how sports management organizations feed us sports information.

“What advice do you give to sports management students as they’re approaching their career or ready to make a change in their career?” asks Laurajean Holmgren.

Bess Brodsky replies, “One of the first things that I tell people is that they have to take responsibility for their career, and they really have to craft a plan. What’s so interesting to me is the number of students and young professionals that I meet with so many different interests, different passions, and different directions that they want to go in the industry. So it’s not a simple answer to say, ‘You should do this’ or ‘You should do that.’ It’s really important to create an individual plan.

“At the start, you must have a good resume and a good LinkedIn profile,” Brodsky continues. “As we progress in our career it’s fine to look at your resume, but what’s really important is that it needs to outline the skill sets that you bring to the table so that a potential employer can really understand what you can do for them. How can you be a solution to their need to fill a role?”

The Importance of Resumes and LinkedIn in Sports Management Education

Brodsky notes that while there are many different styles of resumes, it’s always important for job seekers to explain their qualifications in terms of quantifiable accomplishments vs. broad statements. “I don’t like resumes where I see, ‘I’m responsible for …’ ‘Responsible for’ doesn’t actually mean that you even did it. It means you were responsible for it. Maybe somebody on your staff did it,” Brodsky says. “So, I really stress with people the importance of outlining what it is that they did so that a potential employer can understand what it is they bring to the table.”

She points out that a LinkedIn profile offers “an opportunity to be a little bit more creative … like painting a picture of yourself and who you are.” It’s an opportunity to highlight your skill sets, post a video or a link to a personal website, and include recommendations from former colleagues and employers, she explains. “It’s really an opportunity for somebody to go online and see a portrait of who you are. And I know many people that have been offered jobs just based on somebody reaching out to them via their LinkedIn profile. So those are the two most important things that I see.”

Holmgren agrees. “Right, it’s not just the what, it’s how you’re doing it,” she says. “We often say that students should take a plan and approach their career in a way that shows they know what they want, build the steps towards where they want to go. Does the next job have some of the attributes that match their personality and what they’re really looking for?”

“Exactly!” Brodsky declares. “I think what’s really important as you go on through your career is that you build your personal brand. One of the things that I work with students on is to develop what we call the ‘wow, how, and now’ statement. … You want to tell somebody something that’s going to make them go, ‘Wow!’ And then you want to go into how you got there and what you are doing now.

“So mine would be: ‘After working as an attorney, working as a vice president of sponsorship at Madison Square Garden, and working with top corporations and athletes, I’ve transitioned into being a career counselor and working on navigating career journeys with young professionals in the sports and entertainment industry.’ So you know that I was an attorney, you know I worked at Madison Square Garden, and you know I transitioned. And I told you that in just 20 or 30 seconds.”

Creating a Successful Social Media Profile

Although, when developing their personal branding statements, some people want to give a detailed account of their careers including each job title, Brodsky stresses the importance of an “elevator pitch” to use at a networking event, at a party, or even in an actual elevator, to “succinctly tell somebody who you are and what you’re looking for, so they can get an idea of how they can help you.” She adds that a social media presence, especially on Twitter and Facebook, is also very important.

“And LinkedIn,” Holmgren chimes in. “With LinkedIn, finding your voice on social platforms is crucial — not only being able to post professionally what relates to you and what your voice is, but it’s also something that really creates your brand online.” She goes on to explain that on LinkedIn, best practices include finding articles worth sharing as well as taking a valuable thought of your own and putting it down on paper.

Holmgren notes that great faculty members who often share best practices emphasize the importance of making sure that you find your fit. “That’s what I’m doing now,” she says. “I tend to focus on specific areas of sports that I’m passionate about. That may not speak to exactly what I’m doing right now, but if I want to take the next step, you can see what my voice is online.”

“In this day and age, it’s really important to have a professional profile,” Brodsky says, adding that LinkedIn is the best vehicle for it. “So if you have a Facebook page and that’s going to be about your personal life, keep that to your personal life,” she advises. “There’s the personal and the professional, and it’s really important, especially with young people and millennials, to keep those separate. You really want to be as professional as possible.”

Wearable technology is really becoming an important aspect of data capture for sports teams and for the athletes themselves. And where it really comes into play is in the continuous flow sports like basketball or soccer. What you’ll find is that in these continuous flow sports, you’re monitoring a lot of the biometric data and information. And you’re measuring levels of hydration. You’re measuring fatigue. You’re measuring stamina. You’re measuring heart rate. You can look at a soccer player as he or she runs up and down the field of play and understand how all of these measurements I just mentioned change with their exertion level.

And this is a way to catch fatigue when it’s going to occur. It’s also a way to build stamina. We understand where the limits are and where the decline comes. How do you push past that and build stamina in these athletes?

There are several issues with wearables and the biometric and health data that it captures. There are the HIPAA regulations which prevent, without the athletes authorization, the open sharing of that information. So, it’s not like teams can freely pass it to one another. Secondly, from an athlete standpoint, he or she may feel that they own that data.

It’s about their body and their personal biometric data. This is a very sensitive issue in sports management. And, in global sports, it’s an issue that players’ unions are very involved in. They’re involved in negotiations with leagues and are trying to implement standards to protect the athlete.

This information is something a reputable sports management education will cover.

New developments in neuroscience is opening up new ways for athletes and coaches to monitor sports management. It’s something essential to today’s sports management education or online sports management education.

Neuroscience allows sports teams to gain an edge. Monitoring brainwave activity while athletes are practicing their craft can give teams real insights into a player’s strengths and weaknesses. Now, in addition to being an evaluative tool, it can also be a valuable coaching device and development tool.

One example of the application of this technology is a company called deCervo, which is helping teams assess baseball players’ reaction time to identifying pitches. One of the most important skills a batter can have is the ability to quickly identify pitch type, balls and strikes. Some players have a natural ability to make quick accurate judgments. Those players are in high demand. We’ve also learned that other athletes can hone those skills through training.

Many sports organizations have invested in tech startups. Sports teams have joined forces with venture capitalists to create accelerators, incubators, and other early-stage platforms for new technology and ideas to grow into viable businesses.

One of the pioneers in this area is the Los Angeles Dodgers. They were one of the first to do this. They formed an organization called Global Sports Venture Studio. It’s led to the development of more than a dozen companies, including two that have become forces in the sports tech space: Kinduct and ShotTracker.

Major League Soccer is also in this accelerator space, hoping to develop companies that take fan engagement or even player development to the next level.

In Arlington, Texas, there’s an interesting example emerging. The Dallas Cowboys of the National Football League, one of the most recognizable franchises, with its five-point blue star, plays its home games in Arlington, Texas. Right next door, the Texas Rangers (Major League Baseball) play their home games in a current stadium and they’re going to soon move into a new ballpark. That’s interesting enough, just to look at that part of the ecosystem and those relationships. What builds on that is some development called Texas Live, which is really an entertainment complex that’s (in ways) connected to where the Cowboys play and where the Rangers play.

Part of this growing campus of sorts in Arlington, there’s also the city building, which will be the largest Esports stadium in the United States. We start to see the emergence of, not only sports facilities being connected, but the community connected in a different way. It’s sports. It’s entertainment. It’s really the way people live, and these developments signal a real shift. They’re not just about driving the economics of a community, but it’s really overseeing something driving the society and the social aspects – the reasons that you would want to live in a place.

A New Way to Look at Global Sports

The Esports stadium in Arlington, Texas, is a little bit due in part to some work that the NYU Tish Institute did with the United States Conference of Mayors, Professional Sports Alliance, and the city of Arlington. After looking at the Dallas Cowboys calling the city home, the Texas Rangers calling the city home, and other growth and development in terms of sports and entertainment, one of the questions the mayor of Arlington asked, “What’s our next play in sports? What should we do next?” The Tish Institute, in this project partnership with the conference of mayors, was able to send a project team of graduate students in a capstone nearing completion of their program (overseen by faculty), to work through this question that the mayor had. Working directly with the mayor’s office, the city staff, and the Convention Visitors Bureau, what came out, was Esports and video gaming.

In today’s times, especially with online sports management education, it would seem like that would be the obvious thing to do, the next natural thing to do. Esports seems to be so exciting. It’s hot. How could you go wrong with it? It wasn’t quite that simple. Of course, these things have to be thoughtful and thought out. You have to have the infrastructure and the financing as well as willingness and an interest to get involved in emerging activity like Esports. But what the mayor’s office and Convention Visitors Bureau saw, through this relationship between them and NYU Tish Institute and the conference of mayors, was that Arlington was, in fact, primed as a location for Esports. City leaders took that idea and the research behind it and the next thing you know, is the announcement of what will be the largest sports stadium in the United States.

Accessing Electronic Sports Management Education

Esports is actually a number of different activities across a number of different video game titles, across a number of different video game platforms. In a way, Esports and the excitement around it, is everything that we love about sports. Esports is really for everyone. Any city can do it because any business can be involved in it. The reason any business can be involved in it is because any person can be involved in it. Anybody can participate in Esports.

What led Arlington to Esports and to move forward on it is, first and foremost, a willingness by city leadership to ask questions about where they might go next and a willingness to look at the entire sports landscape. They were willing to look at the entire landscape, travel and tourism, and the way businesses work.

We look at it and say, “Well, they must have been taking quite a risk, or at least an educated risk.” But it’s no different than any other decision to do something. In this example, what Arlington has going for it, and the big reason that it went for Esports and to build a large Esports stadium in the United States, is because the leadership there could see how connected it was. They could see how connected Esports is to what people are looking for as residents in the community and as travelers to a community.

How would the issue of naming rights for a stadium be addressed ten years ago? According to online sports management education lecturer Chris Lencheski, maintaining regional clout and pride might have been the answers.

“10 years ago where it would have been was, we are a regional company. We are the largest. Maybe to take a US strategy approach, might be Bank of America and Bank of America Field in Charlotte.” he explains.

Charlotte-based Bank of America was making loans to and investments in the National Football League to build a charter program. Teams could go to the bank and get loans for their stadiums and team needs. Hugh McColl, the bank’s CEO at the time, was a strong supporter of the business of the NFL and the ownership group.

Indeed, there was an element of regional pride. There was also an ability to have measured media, with every game televised nationally and distributed internationally to global sports networks.

Bank of America and many other super-regional companies look at stadium naming as a corporate good citizenship strategy. It is a way to get their name in front of somebody. “And that’s where the strategy was very top line and top-level, but not a lot of analytics behind it. Just hey, it’s the right thing to do,” Lencheski says.

Data analytics is exploding. Sponsors want deeper information about how data is going to connect to a specific sport or region. In Lencheski’s time with Comcast, he evaluated data on behalf of commercial rights clients that the company might engage for naming rights on stadiums.

Questions he needed to answer were “What was the value of the stadium worth relative to its international media?” “What would the name look like on a signage standpoint from localized media?” “What would the impact for consumer brand-facing sides?” Each question represented a wide-ranging topic. The deal-making side is where the rubber met the road.

The Case of Reebok

Reebok Stadium was undergoing a transformation to being owned by Adidas, who wanted to move off of the stadium’s naming rights. Lencheski sold the rights to Macron, an Italian sportswear company.

One of the reasons Macron looked at acquiring naming rights was a deep-dive analysis. Macron accounts, particularly in the UK and with football fans, were not as well-known as Adidas or Reebok. It was an opportunity for Macron to actually put their name on the stadium.

Reebok was prepared to finance some of the rights because, in moving into participatory sports and away from team sports, they wanted to remove their name. Each aspect of the deal came about by taking a deep dive into social media, television values, and most of all, what would happen to the consumption of products.

“I know you would agree that, despite the fact we can go deeper on the analytics, we always will have those kinds of considerations, such as the community impact and so forth as part of a broader decision,” adds NYU sports management education dean Vince Gennaro.

Sports Betting and Data Analytics

Around the globe, sports betting has become an enormous business. As data analytics has progressed and evolved, it has really begun to change the game. Both analytics and digital technology have the ability to have information flow faster and help customers place bets in a more efficient way.

People who can code, who know analytics, and who can understand datasets about sports have the ability to assist both sides of a betting transaction. “The better, as well as the gaming companies, make the best bets that they can, either to spread their bets out or actually maybe make margin,” says Chris Lencheski.

Right now, those particular skill sets are things that a lot of people are looking at. As betting grows, it will come to the United States in a way that is transformational for many people in the sports business. It will also create vast revenue buckets for not just teams but actual local, state, and federal economies.

When you look at the data and analytics that organizations will need, however, it will really matter as to (for example) what NBA player or how many NBA players could hit for “X” points, and if they’re on the floor the night when the bet has been placed.

“That’s going to be a long algorithm,” Lencheski speculates, but he believes organizations will get to it.

When you’re now talking about taking bets from around the world on a basketball game, or potentially a baseball game, if you will, it will matter incredibly well as to who’s on the court, who’s pitching, and what the combinations are on the field.” People will follow these metrics no different than they do fantasy sports in the United States.

“Everything is a reaffirmation of how important the new data sources, the information explosion, and technology to deliver that information is, and how it’s absolutely changing the sports landscape,” adds Gennaro.

One of the biggest milestones in athlete-driven media was when Derek Jeter started the Players Tribune, which is a hugely successful website and business now. But, it started as just a way to give athletes a voice and to give them the opportunity to tell their stories in their own voice rather than relying on traditional media to do an interview, tell the story, maybe chop it up into a way that wasn’t fully what the athlete had intended.

Since he founded it in 2014, it’s become hugely successful. It has allowed several different athletes to tell their own stories about sometimes very, very emotional topics. But, they’re able to present it when they’re comfortable and in their own way.

Aside from traditional media and aside from social media, there are so many different sports news outlets that now exist. And ESPN has always been a leader in this regard. But now you see Bleacher Report and Deadspin and some of these that take maybe a little bit more of a comical view or slant on the way that they present the news.

I think one of the big differences we’re seeing now is that instead of relying so much on the written word, organizations are really doing these short snippets, short broadcasts, short highlight clips. That’s really what the younger generations of fans want, and that’s how they prefer to get their news rather than reading 1,000-word news articles.